SEPTIC TANK
DEFINITION:
A septic tank is a chamber made of concrete,
fiberglass, PVC or plastic, through which domestic wastewater (sewage) flows
for primary treatment. Settling and anaerobic processes reduce solids and
organics, but the treatment is only moderate. Septic tank systems
are a type of onsite sewage facility.
SEPTIC TANK LOCATION:
Mostly Septic
tanks are suitable for rural & urban areas where proper sewer systems are
not available.
At Present, every domestic/commercial building having the septic tank,
in order to retain the sewage waste for sometime before it gets down to sewer
line to avoid any blockage.
Basically, the septic tank is constructed of concrete/brick wall with
the rectangular shape and it should have a minimum of two chambers.
PROCESS:
The effluent may be either Liquid or solid waste received from household
to septic tank through the inlet pipe. The septic tank was designed to store
the wastewater at the minimum period of 18 hours to 24 hours, it is called
detention period.
During this time period, the sludge was decomposed by the biological
action of anaerobic bacteria and the solid waste settled down as sludge. Then
the surface water runs to the soak pit through an outlet pipe. Then the settled
sludge shall remove after 1 or 2 years.
SOAK PIT:
A
pit dug under the natural ground, constructed in a circular shape with dry
bricks or stone with the mortar joint free, where water can easily soak into
the ground is known as soak pit. The top portion was closed by RCC Slab & accessible.
It should not less than 900mm Dia, 1500mm Depth. At the same time, it
should not below 2m from the groundwater.
Do’s:-
The
Tank should be constructed at the correct place & required size.
Reduce
the water usage to avoid the tank full in short period and also save the water.
Do
the sludge removal regularly at a certain time period.
Inspect
the septic tank regularly.
Construct
the septic tank without disturbing the groundwater.
If
any blockage has happened in septic tank act immediately to resolve the
problem.
Manhole
should provide to access the tank easily.
Don’t Do’s:-
Due
to the insufficient tank capacity, the flushed wastewater may back up to our
home so the capacity of the tank is very important.
Don’t
flush the garbage, sanitary items, paper or other solid material to avoid
unnecessary blockage.
The
other source of water should not enter in the septic tank.
The
wastewater should not run in the natural ground to secure the environment.
