Theory
The machine consist of the
three main units.
1.
The loading unit
2.
The control unit
3.
Dynometer
The loading unit consist of a
robust has with a hydraulic cylinder with a piston fitted in the centre a motor
is fitted to the left hand side of the base. The chain and sprdouct driven by
the motor rotates the screwed columns which guide the up and down moment of the
flower cross hand. The upper cross hand is fixed of the upper head the two
cross heads consist of jaws fitted with locking arrangement to fix the specimen
for tension test. The lower table and seal joint. This joints ensures axial
loading. A control panel consist of the following main units.
1. The oil
tank
2. The
pump
3. Values
on the control panel
The oil tank consist hydraulic
oil. It consist of a fiter and level sight glass to check level. The plumb is
a positive displacement plumb which continuous high pulsing oil current for
smooth application of load out of the two values side value in a pressure
compacted control value. The left hand side value is a return value.
The dynometer is the unit which
measure and indicate the load on the specimen. The over all accuracy mainly
depends upon this unit. The dynometer is a pendulum type dynometer is pendulum
type dynometer which consist of cylinder consistency of reciprocating cylinder.
The oil pressure in the working pistion in the dynometer. The displacement of
the piston is registered by the pointer on the dial which represents the load.
Diagram
Universal Testing Machine
Application
The universal testing machine
serves for conducting tests in tension compression shear and bending for a wide
range of material. Brinelts hardness test can also be carried out by using same
accessories. The maximum capacity of machine is
The following chart shows the
range of operation
Minimum graduation kg
|
08
|
20
|
40
|
80
|
Capacity (tonnes)
|
04
|
10
|
20
|
40
|
Items required
Universal testing machine,
shear test all attachment bending table.
Procedure
1. All the
important parts of the machine was carefully inspected and their function were
recorded.
2.The
power supply was started and the following operations were observed.
a. Up and down motion of the lower cross head.
b. Method of fixing the specimen in tension
compression shear and B test.
c. Application of pressure by opening the right
hand side valve.
d. Depending upon the return value after the
completion of test.
e. The machine was made to operate at different
capacities by adjusting the weight on the pendulum.
Precaution
1. The oil
level in oil tanks was checked before the start.
2. The
fixing of the test specimen was ensured.
