Broadly, the major construction project can be grouped into
‘Building Construction’, ‘Infrastructure Construction’, ‘Industrial
Construction’ and ‘Special-purpose projects’
Building construction
Building work include residential and commercial complexes,
educational and recreational facilities, hospitals & hotels, warehouse and
marketing facilities. ‘Buildings’ constitute the largest segment of
construction business. The building business serves mankind by providing
shelter and services for its habitation, educational, recreational, social and
commercial needs. The building works are mostly designed by the Architect /
Engineering firms, and are financed by public and private sector and individuals.
Infrastructure construction
These are capital intensive and heavy-equipment oriented works
which involve movement of large quantity of bulk materials like earth, steel
and concrete. These works include dams and canals, highways and airports,
railways and bridges, oil/gas pipelines and transmission lines, large water
supply and sewage disposal networks, dock and harbours, nuclear and thermal
power plants, and other specialist construction activities which build-up the
infrastructure for the growth of the economy. These works are designed by the
specialist engineering firms and are mostly financed by the Government/public
sector.
Special-purpose projects
These include environmental works, emergencies, remedial works,
installation and commissioning of equipment, and complex key operations.
Project classification
Project classification based on the completion time and value of
works, various type of construction projects can be further classified as under:
a.
Project completion time basis
a.
Long
duration project (over 10 year)
b.
Medium
duration project (3 to 10 year)
c.
Short
duration projects (few months to 3 years)
d.
Special
short-term projects (less than 1 year)
·
Project value basis
a.
Mega
value projects (say over $ 1000 million)
b.
Large
value projects ($ 100 million to $ 1000 million)
c.
Medium
value projects ($ 10 million to $ 100 million)
d.
Small
value project (less than $ 10 million)
