The project work breakdown process
involves splitting of the project works into its manageable constituents
arranged in a hierarchical order till the desired level. The work-breakdown
levels are categorized into sub-projects, tasks, work packages, activities and
operations. These levels depend upon the plan type, the nature and complexity
of the project and the expected degree of control.
The work-breakdown levels for various
types of plans are given in fig.
It may be noted that the levels
classification is a broad concept and, at times, overlapping of levels may
become unavoidable.
Construction projects are best managed by
work packages, which in turn are best planned and monitored by activities. A
project planner, uses activity as the common data base for planning projects.
Activity duration forms the basis for time planning and scheduling of project
work. The inputs of labour, materials and machinery needed for execution of
each activity enable preparation of resources forecasts. The activity sale
price is used to determine income and cash-flow forecasts. The activity base is
vital for monitoring progress of the project work.