People are the main resources of a manager and they are primary raw material with which a manager has to work. It is important for the manager or management to understand why people behave in a particular way. For this it is necessary to anticipate how people would respond to the various organisational plans and policies. Organisation assigns certain duties to the workers and specifies relationship in order to provide motivation to the members of the organisation. Management tries to design the organisation in such a way that it would have workers positive support rather than detraction from characteristic of human behaviour. Men live and work together. Their relationship results in certain pattern of behaviour and belief which social scientists call as ‘cultures’. Within the broad national culture, every enterprise develops its own ‘subculture’. It is the belief and patterns of conduct that are associated with living and working together in the company. The informal groups of the employees influence their beliefs and behaviour on the members. These informal groups often centre round personal interests and non-company objects. The informal social relationship have a direct influence on the effectiveness and efficiency of the organisation. However, once the manager understands the force and realise how to work with it, he uses the force for constructive purpose. A manager cannot change social behaviour but he can design work structure in such a way that social pressures and formal organisations tend to support each other.


The behaviour science includes the studies in the physical and social environment. It includes psychology, sociology, social anthropology and certain parts of other sciences. These disciplines are applied to the study of human behaviour in a working environment. Work customs are especially important when several different people work together. But when we deal with human behaviour our response is much more emotional. When an operation falls behind schedule, a matured manager will try to find out the reasons why it happened. A manager is supposed to planning, leading and controlling the working. Emphasis on social behaviour indicates that organising is more delicate task when our attention is focussed only on the work to be done. In shaping the organisation, a manager should consider not only social behaviour but also individual needs.